When it comes to investigating the
crime scene, there are different types of evidence that the investigation team
will collect from that scene. These types of evidence would be; biological
evidence, chemical evidence, physical evidence and evidence involved in the
case for example witness statements or surveillance videos.
Biological evidence is evidence
belonging to an individual or left at the crime scene from an individual. This
could be blood, saliva, semen or any bodily fluids. These different types of
evidence can be match to an individual if they have a sample to compare it to.
Biological evidence can be a strong piece of evidence that can be used in an
investigation if the team have a sample of an individual to match it to.
Biological evidence may unknowingly be left at the scene by a suspect for
example their fingerprint may be left on a window where they entered to crime
scene.
Chemical evidence is evidence that has
chemical compounds and chemical compositions. A type of chemical evidence could
be drugs, poison or gunshot residue. An example of chemical evidence at a crime
scene would be an accelerant that the suspect has used to try and cover up the
crime scene and destroy any evidence.
Physical evidence is a material object
that plays a role in the matter. This could be a weapon, a footwear mark or
even a vehicle involved in the crime. A physical piece of evidence that may be
found at the crime scene which the investigation team would collect could be
the murder weapon. This could be a knife or gun for example.
In the Madeleine McCann case there was
only biological evidence collected from the apartment of where she disappeared
from. This evidence was fingerprints. Although when collecting this biological
piece of evidence the police did not wear any PPE, this piece of evidence was
still sent to Britain for an analysis. Collecting biological evidence within a
case can be beneficial to a certain extent. Biological evidence is a strong
piece of evidence if the police have a suspect to match that piece of evidence
for example, if they find fingerprints at a crime scene and they have a suspect
in custody, they can take fingerprint impressions of the suspect and try matching
these to the fingerprints they collected from the crime scene. But if there are
no samples to match the evidence to, the police can’t make a match. In this
case, the police had suspects of which the fingerprints found in the apartment
did not match to. The collecting of this evidence was beneficial as to ruling
the suspects they had suspicions of but the police now have no suspects and
therefore they can’t use these fingerprints to match to.
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